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Category: The Art of Vibe Coding

5 min read Claude, Codex, The Art of Vibe Coding, Vibe Coding

How I Vibe Code With 3 AI Agents Using Git Worktrees (Without Breaking Anything)

You know that feeling when you’re vibe coding with Claude Code and it suggests a “minor database refactor” – then suddenly your entire local database is corrupted?

Or when you want to test Claude Code’s approach versus Codex’s approach, but switching branches means losing all your test data?

I was so tired of this dance.

So I built a solution.

Next.js Worktrees Manager – a bash script that creates completely isolated development environments with their own PostgreSQL databases.

Let me show you exactly how I vibe code with multiple AI agents simultaneously.

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The Problem Nobody Talks About

Here’s what happens every single day when you’re vibe coding:

You’re in the zone with an AI coding agent.

Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, Windsurf – doesn’t matter which.

The agent suggests changes.
You accept them.
Then you realize it modified your database schema.

Now what?

git reset --hard?

Sure, that fixes the code. But your database?

Those migrations already ran.
That test data is gone.
Your local environment is now broken.

The worst part?

You want to compare different AI agents’ implementations.

But without git worktrees, that means:

  • Constantly switching branches
  • Re-running migrations
  • Losing test data
  • Fighting port conflicts
  • Wasting hours on environment management instead of coding

Regular git workflows weren’t built for this level of experimentation.

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The Solution: Git Worktrees + True Isolation

Next.js Worktrees Manager does one thing brilliantly:

It extends git worktrees with database isolation.

Each worktree gets:

  • Its own working directory (via git worktrees)
  • Its own PostgreSQL database (cloned from your main)
  • Its own port assignment (run multiple dev servers simultaneously)
  • Its own .env configuration

Git worktrees handle the code isolation. My script handles everything else.

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Installation (30 Seconds)

git clone https://github.com/nathanonn/next-worktrees-manager.git
cd next-worktrees-manager
chmod +x worktrees.sh

Done.

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Let Me Show You The Magic

Say you want three different AI agents to implement authentication.

Here’s the entire process:

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches claude-auth,codex-auth,gemini-auth \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost:5432/myapp

Watch what happens:

  1. Creates three worktrees in worktrees/ directory
  2. Clones your database three times
  3. Updates each .env with the correct database URL
  4. Assigns ports 3001, 3002, and 3003

Time elapsed: Less than 60 seconds.

Now run all three simultaneously:

cd worktrees/claude-auth && PORT=3001 npm run dev
cd worktrees/codex-auth && PORT=3002 npm run dev
cd worktrees/gemini-auth && PORT=3003 npm run dev

Open your browser:

  • http://localhost:3001 – Claude’s implementation
  • http://localhost:3002 – Codex’s implementation
  • http://localhost:3003 – Gemini’s implementation

Test them side-by-side.

Break things.

Each environment is completely isolated.

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The Cleanup Is Even Better

Every setup creates a group ID like wt-20251008-191431.

When you’re done experimenting:

./worktrees.sh clean --group wt-20251008-191431

[Screenshot 3 placeholder: Cleaning up worktrees and databases with a single command]

One command. All worktrees deleted. All databases dropped. Your main branch untouched.

It’s like those experiments never happened.

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Use Cases That Actually Matter

Testing AI Agent Outputs

Stop wondering which AI agent produces better code. Test them simultaneously:

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches gpt5-approach,claude-opus-approach,gemini-3-approach \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/myapp

Run all three.

See which implementation is cleaner.

Make an informed decision.

Feature Variations

Building multiple payment providers?

Keep them isolated:

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches stripe-checkout,paypal-checkout,crypto-checkout \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/ecommerce

No more commenting out code.

No more environment variable juggling.

Production Debugging

Need to reproduce a production bug safely?

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches prod-bug-fix \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/production_copy \
  --setup-cmd "npm run seed:production"

Break things freely.

Your main environment stays clean.

Team Development

Multiple developers. Same codebase. Zero conflicts:

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches alice/feature,bob/feature,charlie/fix \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/team_db

Everyone gets their own database.

No more “waiting for migrations.”

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The Features That Matter

Custom Ports

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches v1,v2,v3 \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/db \
  --start-ports 3000,4000,5000

Auto-Prisma

If you use Prisma, it runs prisma generate automatically:

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches test \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/db \
  --auto-prisma on  # Default

Custom Setup

Need to install packages or seed data?

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches experiment \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/db \
  --setup-cmd "npm install && npm run seed"

Force Recreate

Testing the same branch repeatedly?

./worktrees.sh setup \
  --branches test \
  --db-url postgresql://localhost/db \
  --force

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Safety Built In

The script protects you from yourself:

  • Local databases only – Can’t accidentally touch remote databases
  • Clean git check – Won’t create worktrees with uncommitted changes
  • Connection handling – Safely terminates active connections
  • Dry run mode – Preview with --dry-run
  • Confirmation required – Bulk cleanup needs --yes

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Performance Reality Check

Max 10 branches per setup.

Why?
PostgreSQL connection limits.
But honestly, if you need more than 10 parallel experiments, you have bigger problems.

Database cloning is instant.

PostgreSQL’s CREATE DATABASE ... TEMPLATE uses copy-on-write.

Even gigabyte databases clone in seconds.

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Your New Daily Commands

# Create experiment
./worktrees.sh setup --branches feat/test --db-url postgresql://localhost/db

# Check status
./worktrees.sh status --group wt-20251008-191431

# Get start commands
./worktrees.sh start --group wt-20251008-191431  

# Clean up
./worktrees.sh clean --group wt-20251008-191431

# Nuclear option
./worktrees.sh clean --all --yes

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Who Actually Needs This

You need this if you:

  • Work with AI coding agents daily
  • Test multiple implementations regularly
  • Value experimental freedom
  • Hate database conflicts
  • Want true environment isolation

You don’t need this if you:

  • Never experiment
  • Work on simple CRUD apps
  • Don’t use PostgreSQL
  • Enjoy manual environment management

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The Bottom Line

Stop tiptoeing around your development database.

Stop losing hours to environment setup.

Stop choosing between experimentation and stability.

This script gives you true isolation in under a minute. Break things. Test wildly. Your main branch stays untouched.

Get the script: github.com/nathanonn/next-worktrees-manager

Your future self – vibe coding with three AI agents simultaneously using git worktrees – will thank you.


P.S. – I’ve used this script to test different AI agent implementations. Not once has my main database been corrupted. That peace of mind alone makes vibe coding actually enjoyable again.

5 min read The Art of Vibe Coding, Claude, Codex

Claude Opus 4.1 vs GPT-5 vs GPT-5 Codex: The Bash Bug That Revealed Their Differences

A real-world debugging session that shows how Claude Opus 4.1, GPT-5, and GPT-5 Codex handle the same problem differently – with surprising results.

Sometimes the most frustrating bugs have the simplest solutions.

And sometimes, the AI model you trust most isn’t the right one for the job.

Let me tell you about the time I spent hours (yes, hours) watching Claude Opus 4.1 chase its tail trying to fix a bash script, only to have GPT-5 Codex solve it in minutes.

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The Setup: A/B Testing with Git Worktrees

I needed a script to automate A/B testing environments using Git worktrees.

The concept was straightforward: create separate workspaces for comparing different AI agents’ outputs side by side, each with its own database instance.

Using my standard workflow, I had GPT-5 plan the architecture and Claude Sonnet 4 implement it.

The script (ab-worktrees.sh) was created successfully.

… or so I thought.

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The Problem: Silent Failure

When I ran the script, nothing happened. No error. No output. Just… nothing.

Time to debug.

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Round 1: Claude Opus 4.1 – The Endless Loop

I turned to Claude Opus 4.1, my go-to for complex debugging.

It immediately started adding debug statements, analyzing the script structure, and running tests.

It found issues and made fixes!

It added more debug output!

More debugging attempts by Claude

After multiple iterations, Claude confidently declared:

Claude claiming "The script is working but the output isn't showing due to how the shell environment handles output"

But when I tested it…

The script still returning nothing

Still nothing.

Claude kept insisting it was fixed, identifying “echo -e incompatibility” and “working tree check failures” – but the fundamental issue remained.

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Claude Opus 4.1 vs GPT-5 vs GPT-5 Codex: Testing Them All

Frustrated, I switched to GPT-5-high in Codex CLI.

GPT-5-high couldn’t crack it either.

But then I tried one more variant: GPT-5-codex-high.

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The Breakthrough: A Devastatingly Simple Fix

GPT-5 Codex found the issue immediately:

GPT-5 Codex's fix overview showing the actual problem

The problem? Bash conditional syntax.

The Bug

# Original (broken) pattern
[[ -z "$A_START" ]] && A_START="$BASE_BRANCH"

The Fix

# Fixed pattern
if [[ -z "$A_START" ]]; then
    A_START="$BASE_BRANCH"
fi

That’s it.

That’s the entire fix.

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Why This Simple Bug Was So Hard to Find

GPT-5 Codex explained it perfectly:

The && shortcut pattern fails silently in certain contexts:

  • When set -e is enabled (which my script had)
  • In functions or subshells
  • When the first condition returns non-zero

The shortcut syntax relies on specific Bash behavior that breaks under these conditions. The explicit if statement always works.

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The Working Script

After applying the fix:

The actual setup completing successfully

Success!

The script now:

  • Creates two Git worktrees (worktrees/a and worktrees/b)
  • Clones the database for each environment
  • Sets up separate ports (3001 and 3002)
  • Provides clear instructions for running both variants
The created worktree structure in the file system
The PostgreSQL databases created for A/B testing

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The Lessons

1. Different Models, Different Strengths

Claude Opus 4.1 is brilliant at many things, but it got stuck in a loop adding complex debugging rather than reconsidering the fundamental syntax.

GPT-5 Codex, specialized for code, immediately spotted the syntax pattern issue.

2. Simple Bugs Can Be the Hardest

The simpler the bug, the easier it is to overlook.

We expect complex problems to have complex solutions, but sometimes it’s just a matter of using if instead of &&.

3. Shell Scripting Is Deceptively Complex

What looks like identical syntax can behave completely differently depending on shell options, context, and environment.

The “clever” shortcut often isn’t worth the fragility.

4. Know When to Switch Tools

After watching Claude go in circles for hours, switching to a different model wasn’t giving up – it was being strategic.

Different AI models truly have different strengths.

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The Irony

The most sophisticated AI model I had access to couldn’t fix a bug that boiled down to “use an if statement instead of &&”.

Meanwhile, a more specialized model solved it immediately.

Sometimes the best debugger isn’t the most powerful AI – it’s the one that’s been trained specifically for the task at hand.

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Important Disclaimer

This is just one data point, not a comprehensive benchmark.

This single debugging session shouldn’t be used to conclude that GPT-5 Codex is definitively superior to Claude Opus 4.1, or that any model is inherently better than another.

Each AI model has its strengths and weaknesses, and they excel in different contexts.

What this experience taught me is that when you’re stuck on a problem with one model, switching to another might provide the fresh perspective needed for a breakthrough.

It’s not about finding the “best” model – it’s about using the right tool for the specific job at hand.

Claude Opus 4.1 remains exceptional at complex reasoning, creative problem-solving, and many coding tasks. GPT-5 and GPT-5 Codex have their own unique strengths.

The key is knowing when to leverage each one.

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What’s Next: The A/B Testing Script

Speaking of using the right tool for the job – next week, I’ll be sharing the complete worktrees.sh script that started this whole adventure.

This bash script lets you test different AI models’ outputs side by side using Git worktrees, making it easy to compare implementations from Claude Opus 4.1 vs GPT-5 vs GPT-5 Codex (or any other models) in real-time.

You’ll learn how to:

  • Set up isolated testing environments for each model’s output
  • Compare implementations without contaminating your main branch
  • Run parallel tests with separate databases
  • Make data-driven decisions about which model’s solution to use

Subscribe to stay tuned for next week’s deep dive into automated A/B testing for AI-generated code!

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Join The Art of Vibe Coding—short, practical emails on shipping with AI (without the chaos).

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Have you experienced similar situations where switching AI models made all the difference? Where a “simple” fix eluded even the most advanced tools? I’d love to hear your debugging war stories in the comments.

8 min read The Art of Vibe Coding, Codex, Vibe Coding

The Latest Codex CLI Commands That Will Save Your Sanity (And Your Rate Limits)

You fire up Codex CLI for a quick task.

Five minutes later, you’re rate-limited.

“When can I code again?” you wonder, staring at the unhelpful error message.

Or maybe you’re trying to get structured JSON from exec, but it returns a wall of text instead.

Or you want code review feedback, but you’re not sure how to get the most out of /review.

Sound familiar?

Codex CLI v0.41 just shipped with fixes for all of these headaches.

But here’s the thing – most developers don’t even know these features exist.

Let me show you the three commands that will transform how you use Codex CLI, plus the exact fixes for the issues that drive us all crazy.

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But First: Are You Even On v0.41?

Most people aren’t.

They’re running older versions and wondering why things don’t work right.

Check your version right now:

codex --version
codex-cli 0.41.0

Not on 0.41? Here’s the fastest way to update:

If you use npm:

npm install -g @openai/codex@latest

If you use Homebrew:

brew update && brew upgrade codex

30 seconds. That’s all it takes.

Now let’s dive into the commands that actually matter.

The /status Command: Finally See Your Usage BEFORE You Hit The Wall

Here’s what drives me crazy.

You’re coding. Everything’s flowing. Then BAM – rate limit exceeded.

No warning. No heads up. Just sudden death to your productivity.

The worst part? You had no idea you were even close to the limit.

Before v0.41, you were flying blind. Now, /status shows you exactly how much runway you have left.

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The Game-Changing Update Nobody’s Talking About

v0.41 added usage tracking to /status.

Look at this beauty:

codex /status

See those percentages?

  • 10% used on your 5-hour limit
  • 15% used on your weekly limit
  • Exact reset times for both

Now you can actually plan.

Big task coming up? Check your usage first. Running low? Save it for after the reset.

No more surprises.

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The Blank Usage Bug (And The 2-Second Fix)

But wait. You run /status and the usage section is… empty?

This happens to everyone. Here’s the stupidly simple fix:

# Send a throwaway message first
codex
> hi
> /status

Why does this work?

Usage data loads after your first message. It’s a known bug. Now you know the workaround.

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How to Never Get Surprised Again

Make checking /status a habit:

# Add to your shell profile
alias cs="codex /status"  # Quick check

# Before starting big tasks
cs  # Am I good to go?

When you see you’re at 80% on your 5-hour limit, you know it’s time to wrap up or switch to lighter tasks.

When you see you’re at 90% on your weekly limit on a Wednesday, you know to save heavy lifting for next week’s reset.

The power isn’t just seeing the limits. It’s planning around them.

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The /review Command: Your AI Code Reviewer That Actually Works

You just finished a feature.

Before committing, you want a second pair of eyes on it.

But your teammate is busy. Or it’s 2 AM. Or you just want a sanity check before the PR.

Enter /review – the command that turns Codex into your always-available code reviewer.

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### The Interactive Menu (The Feature Most People Miss)

Here’s what blew my mind when I discovered it.

Just type `/review` with no arguments:

“`bash

codex /review

“`

And you get this beautiful interactive menu:

Screenshot showing /review interactive menu with 4 options: "1. Review uncommitted changes", "2. Review a commit" (highlighted), "3. Review against a base branch", "4. Custom review instructions"

Pick option 2, and watch this magic:

Screenshot showing commit selection screen with a searchable list of recent commits like "added ab-testing guide", "feat: Update API activity monitor", "Refactor database schema"

You can:

Search commits by typing – Just start typing to filter

Navigate with arrow keys – Up/down through your commit history

Hit Enter to review – Instant analysis begins

Screenshot showing code review in progress for commit 97fd1d4, with Codex finding issues like "Fix clean command option docs - The guide advertises ./ab-worktrees.sh clean --src-db-url but only recognizes --dry-run"

Why this changes everything:

No memorizing commit hashes. No complex git commands. Just browse, select, review.

It’s like having a git GUI built into your terminal.

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Three Ways to Review (From Basic to Brilliant)

1. Review Your Staged Changes

The basics. Stage what you want reviewed:

git add -p  # Stage specific chunks
codex /review

2. Review a Specific Commit

Made a commit but having second thoughts?

# Review the last commit
codex /review commit HEAD

# Review any commit
codex /review commit abc123def

3. The Power Move: Custom Instructions

This is where /review becomes magical:

# Security-focused review
codex /review diff --base main \\\\
  --instructions "Check for SQL injection, XSS, and auth bypasses"

# Performance review
codex /review diff --base main \\\\
  --instructions "Find N+1 queries and unnecessary database calls"

# API contract review
codex /review diff --base main \\\\
  --instructions "Verify backward compatibility and semantic versioning"

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GitHub PR Reviews (The Feature Nobody Uses)

Did you know Codex can review PRs directly on GitHub?

Just comment on any PR:

@codex review for memory leaks

Setup required: Enable Code Review for your repo first. Takes 2 minutes.

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The Selective Staging Trick

Here’s a pro move most developers miss:

Don’t review everything. Review what matters.

# Stage only the business logic
git add -p src/core/

# Skip the test files and configs
# Now review JUST the important stuff
codex /review

Why this matters:

  • Focused reviews catch more issues
  • Less noise, better signal
  • Faster reviews, clearer feedback

Stage surgically. Review intelligently.

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The exec Command: Finally, JSON That Doesn’t Suck

You need Codex to analyze something and return JSON.

So you run:

codex exec "analyze the codebase and return findings as JSON"

What you get back?

A wall of text with some JSON-ish stuff buried in the middle. Good luck parsing that in your CI pipeline.

v0.41 fixed this nightmare.

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The Schema Revolution

Here’s the game-changer: --output-schema

You tell Codex EXACTLY what JSON structure you want. It delivers exactly that.

Watch this magic:

# 1. Create your schema (analysis-schema.json)
{
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "summary": { "type": "string" },
    "issues": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "severity": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["low", "medium", "high", "critical"]
          },
          "file": { "type": "string" },
          "description": { "type": "string" }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "required": ["summary", "issues"]
}

# 2. Run with schema enforcement
codex exec --output-schema analysis-schema.json \\\\
  "Find security issues in the codebase"

# 3. Get PERFECT JSON every time

The result?

Parseable. Predictable. Production-ready JSON.

Every. Single. Time.

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See What Codex Is Thinking

Ever wonder what Codex is planning before it executes?

The new --include-plan-tool flag shows you:

codex exec --include-plan-tool \\\\
  "Refactor the auth module for better testing"

Why this matters:

  • Debug long-running commands
  • Understand Codex’s approach
  • Catch issues before execution
  • Learn from its planning process

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The Model Bug You Need to Know

Warning: There’s a fresh bug where --output-schema gets ignored with gpt-5-codex.

The workaround? Use gpt-5 instead:

# Doesn't respect schema (bug)
codex config set model gpt-5-codex
codex exec --output-schema schema.json "task"  # Returns unstructured text

# Works perfectly
codex config set model gpt-5
codex exec --output-schema schema.json "task"  # Returns proper JSON

The team knows. Fix coming soon. For now, use gpt-5 when you need schemas.

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The Hidden Gem: No More Ripgrep Errors

Remember those annoying postinstall errors?

Error: ripgrep binary not found
Please install ripgrep manually

v0.41 bundles ripgrep. No more install failures in CI. It just works.

Small fix. Huge relief.

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Your Cheat Sheet (Copy This)

# Version check
codex --version                              # Are you on 0.41?

# Status & rate limits
codex /status                                # See limits & reset times

# Review commands
codex /review                                # Review staged changes
codex /review commit HEAD                    # Review last commit
codex /review diff --base main \\\\
  --instructions "focus on X"                # Custom focused review

# Exec with structure
codex exec --output-schema schema.json "task"     # Get JSON back
codex exec --include-plan-tool "task"             # See the planning

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Your Action Items

  1. Update to v0.41 right now (seriously, it takes 30 seconds)
  2. Add rate limit checks to your shell profile: alias cs="codex /status" # Quick status check
  3. Create JSON schemas for your common exec tasks
  4. Set up /review in your git hooks: # In .git/hooks/pre-commit codex /review || exit 1
  5. Switch models if you hit bugs (gpt-5 vs gpt-5-codex)

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The Bottom Line

Codex CLI v0.41 isn’t just an incremental update.

It’s the difference between guessing and knowing.

Between random failures and predictable workflows.

Between text soup and structured data.

These three commands – /status, /review, and exec – aren’t just features. They’re workflow transformers that turn Codex from a cool tool into an essential part of your development process.

The tools are ready. The bugs have workarounds. The productivity gains are real.

What will you build now that your tools actually work?


P.S. – I discovered the usage tracking feature after hitting rate limits three times in one day. Now I check /status before starting any big task. Haven’t been surprised by a rate limit since.

P.P.S. – Yes, the model-specific bugs are annoying. But switching models takes 2 seconds, and the productivity gains are worth the minor inconvenience. The team ships fixes fast – check the GitHub issues for updates.

6 min read Claude, Codex, The Art of Vibe Coding, Vibe Coding

The Codex-Claude Code Workflow: How I Plan With GPT-5 and Execute With Claude Code

I used to dive straight into Claude Code’s Plan Mode and ask it to build features.

Sometimes it worked brilliantly – Claude would research, plan, and implement perfectly. Other times, despite Plan Mode’s capabilities, it built something that technically worked but wasn’t quite what I had in mind.

The problem?

Even with Plan Mode, I wasn’t always giving Claude Code enough context about my specific requirements.

I was expecting it to infer implementation details, UI decisions, and edge cases from a brief description.

Then I discovered a game-changing workflow: Use Codex to plan meticulously, then Claude Code to execute flawlessly.

Let me show you exactly how this works with a real example – adding a context menu to rename and delete chat sessions in my YouTube AI app.

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The Magic Is In The Questions

Here’s the breakthrough:

Instead of jumping straight into implementation, I start by having Codex ask me clarifying questions until it’s 95% confident it can create a perfect plan.

This brilliant approach comes from Sabrina Ramonov’s YouTube video “3 ChatGPT Prompts That Feel Like Millionaire Cheat Codes”.

I’ve refined her prompt to work perfectly with Codex for feature planning.

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Step 1: Start With Questions, Not Code

I begin with this carefully crafted prompt to Codex:

In the Chat sidebar, I want to add context menu for user to rename the session as well as deleting the session.

Help me come up with a plan to implement this. DON'T WRITE OR EDIT ANY FILES.

Ask me clarifying questions until you are 95% confident you can complete this task successfully.

a. If the question is about choosing different options, please provide me with a list of options to choose from. Mark the option with a clear label, like a, b, c, etc.
b. If the question need custom input that is not in the list of options, please ask me to provide the custom input.

The key elements here:

  • DON’T WRITE OR EDIT ANY FILES – This keeps Codex focused on planning
  • 95% confidence threshold – Forces thorough understanding before proceeding
  • Structured options – Makes decision-making faster and reveals possibilities I hadn’t considered
Original state of the chat sidebar without context menu
Initial prompt to Codex asking for the plan

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Step 2: The Clarifying Questions Phase

This is where the magic happens. Codex doesn’t just ask random questions – it systematically explores every aspect of the feature:

Codex presenting its first round of clarifying questions with options

Notice how Codex provides options for each decision:

  • Rename UI: Dialog with text input, inline edit, or popover
  • Delete confirmation: AlertDialog, no confirmation, or typing “DELETE”
  • Mobile behavior: Different menu types or desktop-only
  • Post-action behavior: Keep selection, reset, or select next

I can quickly pick options without having to type lengthy explanations:

My responses to Codex's questions using the option labels

But Codex doesn’t stop there. It asks follow-up questions to refine the details:

Codex asking additional clarifying questions

Questions about:

  • Handling duplicate titles
  • Whitespace validation
  • Button visibility
  • Delete confirmation text
  • Test IDs for E2E testing

I continue answering:

My responses to the additional questions

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Step 3: The Comprehensive Plan

After gathering all requirements, Codex produces a detailed implementation plan:

Codex's final comprehensive plan with all implementation details - Parts 1 of 4
Codex's final comprehensive plan with all implementation details - Parts 2 of 4
Codex's final comprehensive plan with all implementation details - Parts 3 of 4
Codex's final comprehensive plan with all implementation details - Parts 4 of 4

The plan is incredibly thorough, covering:

Backend Architecture:

  • PATCH and DELETE routes with exact endpoints (/api/chat/sessions/:sessionId)
  • Specific HTTP status codes (200, 204, 401, 404)
  • Storage interface methods with complete signatures
  • MemStorage and PostgreSQLStorage implementation details
  • Ownership verification and cascade deletion logic

Client-Side Implementation:

  • useChat hook extensions with renameSessionMutation and deleteSessionMutation
  • Cache invalidation strategies
  • Toast feedback for success/error states
  • Context state management

UI Components:

  • ContextMenu wrapper with ContextMenuTrigger
  • Always-visible “…” actions button with DropdownMenu
  • Dialog components with specific state management
  • Input validation rules (trim, non-empty, allow duplicates)
  • Loading states that disable actions during pending operations

UX Specifications:

  • Left-click for selection, right-click for actions
  • Mobile-first “…” button approach
  • Preserved updatedAt timestamps during rename
  • Session order stability
  • Sidebar sheet behavior (no auto-close on dialog open)

Testing Infrastructure:

  • Comprehensive test IDs for E2E testing
  • API contract examples with request/response formats
  • Testing checklist with specific scenarios

This isn’t just a vague outline – it’s a blueprint that any developer could follow.

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Step 4: From Plan to Implementation

Now comes the handoff. I copy Codex’s plan and paste it directly into Claude Code:

Copying the plan from Codex and pasting into Claude Code

Claude Code immediately understands the comprehensive plan:

Claude Code acknowledging and analyzing the plan

Watch as Claude Code systematically implements each part of the plan:

Claude Code examining the existing codebase structure
Claude Code making the necessary changes to implement the features

The implementation is surgical and precise – Claude Code knows exactly what to build because the plan is so detailed:

Claude Code's completion message showing successful implementation
The working context menu with rename and delete options

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Step 5: The Review Loop

But we’re not done yet. This is where the workflow truly shines.

I take the git diff from Claude Code’s implementation and ask Codex to review it:

Please read the git diff, analyze the implementation and check if everything is implemented as per advised.

DON'T WRITE OR EDIT ANY FILES.
Asking Codex to review the implementation

Codex meticulously reviews every change:

Codex's detailed review findings

In this case, Codex found two deviations from the agreed plan:

  1. Timestamp updates during rename (should be preserved)
  2. Button visibility on desktop (had unnecessary opacity classes)

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Step 6: Refinement Based on Feedback

I copy Codex’s feedback back to Claude Code:

Providing Codex's feedback to Claude Code

Claude Code immediately understands and implements the corrections:

Claude Code implementing the fixes
Claude Code confirming all fixes are complete

The final result?

A perfectly implemented feature that matches the original specifications exactly:

Final working implementation with all refinements

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Why This Workflow Is Revolutionary

1. Thinking Before Coding

By forcing myself to answer Codex’s questions, I’m thinking through edge cases and implementation details BEFORE any code is written.

This prevents the “oh wait, what about…” moments during development.

2. Leveraging Strengths

  • Codex excels at: Analysis, planning, asking the right questions, and meticulous review
  • Claude Code excels at: Understanding context, implementing complex features, and following detailed plans

3. Faster Development

Counter-intuitively, spending 10 minutes on planning saves hours of refactoring.

The implementation is right the first time.

4. Better Code Quality

The review loop catches issues that might slip through.

Having Codex review Claude Code’s work is like having a senior developer review every PR.

5. Learning Through Questions

Codex’s questions often reveal considerations I hadn’t thought of.

“Should duplicate titles be allowed?”
“What happens to the selection after delete?”

These questions make me a better developer.

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The Prompt That Makes It Work

The secret sauce is in the prompt structure. By combining:

  • Clear feature description
  • Explicit “don’t code” instruction
  • 95% confidence threshold (credit to Sabrina Ramonov)
  • Structured option format

We transform Codex from a code generator into a thoughtful architect who ensures every detail is considered before implementation begins.

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Your Next Feature

Try this workflow on your next feature:

  1. Start with Codex – Use the clarifying questions prompt
  2. Answer thoughtfully – Pick from options or provide custom input
  3. Get the plan – Let Codex create a comprehensive blueprint
  4. Implement with Claude Code – Copy the plan and watch it build
  5. Review with Codex – Check the implementation against the plan
  6. Refine with Claude Code – Apply any feedback from the review

This isn’t just about building features faster. It’s about building them right the first time.

While the context menu might seem like a simple example, this same workflow scales beautifully to complex features. Whether you’re building authentication systems, real-time collaboration, or intricate data visualizations – the pattern of meticulous planning with Codex followed by precise execution with Claude Code ensures success every time.

What feature will you plan with Codex and build with Claude Code?


P.S. – The combination of Codex’s analytical planning and Claude Code’s implementation prowess has transformed how I develop. No more half-baked features or forgotten edge cases. Just clean, well-planned, thoroughly reviewed code.

7 min read The Art of Vibe Coding, Claude, Codex, GPT-5, Vibe Coding

Claude Code vs Codex: Why I Use Both (And You Should Too)

Everyone’s asking “Claude Code vs Codex – which one should I use?”

You’re asking the wrong question.

After tons of testing Claude Code vs Codex head-to-head, I discovered something game-changing: they’re not competitors, they’re the perfect team.

  • Claude Code builds brilliantly,
  • Codex reviews meticulously, and
  • Together they create code that’s both powerful and bulletproof.

Let me show you exactly how this works with a real example from my WordPress theme.

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Claude Code vs Codex: The Problem With Choosing Just One

Codex (GPT-5 High) Alone: Minimal to a Fault

Ask Codex to build something from scratch, and you’ll get code that works… technically.

But it’s like asking for a house and getting a tent.

Sure, it provides shelter, but is that really what you wanted?

In the Claude Code vs Codex comparison, Codex’s minimalism means:

  • Basic functionality only
  • No edge case handling
  • Missing quality-of-life features
  • Requires significant enhancement

Claude Code Alone: The Over-Engineering Trap

Claude Code (especially Opus 4.1) goes the opposite direction.

Ask for a simple feature, and it builds you a spacecraft.

The code becomes so complex that even Claude loses track of what it created.

The over-engineering pattern:

  • Abstract factories for simple functions
  • Unnecessary design patterns
  • 20 files when 3 would suffice
  • Complexity that breeds bugs

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Claude Code vs Codex: The Solution is Both

After extensive testing of Claude Code vs Codex in production environments, here’s the breakthrough: Use Claude Code to build, then Codex to review.

When comparing Claude Code vs Codex strengths:

Claude Code excels at:

  • Understanding requirements
  • Creating comprehensive implementations
  • Handling complex integrations
  • Building from scratch

GPT-5 (Codex) excels at:

  • Finding security vulnerabilities
  • Catching inconsistencies
  • Identifying missing edge cases
  • Suggesting surgical improvements

Together, they’re unstoppable.

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Real-World Example: Claude Code + Codex in Action

Let me walk you through exactly how Claude Code + Codex work together on a real feature – adding a newsletter subscription shortcode to my WordPress theme.

Phase 1: Claude Code Implementation

I asked Claude Code to do two things:

  1. Create a newsletter subscribe form shortcode
  2. Add a guide tab in the theme options to show users how to use this shortcode

Here’s my original prompt:

Screenshot showing the original prompt to Claude Code about injecting subscribe form via shortcode and creating a guide tab

Claude Code immediately understood the context and used a sub-agent to explore the codebase:

Screenshot showing Claude Code’s thinking process and planning the implementation

After investigation, Claude successfully implemented both the shortcode and the guide tab:

Screenshot showing Claude Code’s successful completion message with all implemented features

The initial implementation included:

  • ✅ Newsletter subscribe form shortcode
  • ✅ Guide tab added to Theme Options
  • ✅ Advanced template system with 6 visual styles
  • ✅ Comprehensive documentation for users
  • ✅ Integration features with FluentCRM
  • ✅ Best practices and placement recommendations
Screenshot showing the initial newsletter subscription form - functional but needs refinement

Phase 2: Codex Review

This is where the magic happens.

I took Claude Code’s implementation and gave it to Codex for review:

Screenshot showing how I provided the implementation summary from Claude Code along with my prompt asking Codex to “Read the git diff and analyze if the implementation is correct”

My exact prompt to Codex was simple: “Read the git diff and analyze if the implementation is correct. Attached is how the subscribe form looks like.”

Codex immediately went into detective mode:

Screenshot showing Codex starting its review process - “I’ll inspect the git diff and scan the theme files

Codex immediately went into detective mode, analyzing every aspect:

Screenshot showing Codex’s detailed analysis process - searching for nonces, analyzing functionality
Screenshot showing Codex continuing analysis - checking shortcode usage, examining CSS classes

The Meticulous Review Results

After thorough analysis, Codex identified several critical issues that Claude Code missed:

Screenshot showing Codex’s comprehensive findings

What Codex Found:

  1. Security Gap: The shortcode form lacked nonce and honeypot protection
    • No wp_nonce_field in the shortcode form
    • Template had security features, but shortcode didn’t use them
  2. Integration Issues:
    • Shortcode posted to wrong endpoint
    • AJAX handler expected different parameters
    • JS selector wouldn’t catch all form variants
  3. Documentation Mismatches:
    • PHP usage example was incorrect
    • Guide showed wrong template path syntax
    • Style parameter documentation was misleading
  4. Small but Important Details:
    • Footer template had a stray “◆” character instead of proper close icon
    • Hidden context field missing for non-JS submissions
Screenshot showing Codex’s detailed recommended fixes

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Phase 3: Applying the Fixes (With a Twist)

Here’s where I made an interesting choice.

Instead of taking Codex’s recommendations back to Claude Code, I asked Codex itself to apply the fixes:

Screenshot showing me requesting “Yes, please apply all the fixes”

Why did I choose Codex over Claude Code for the fixes?

I wanted to test if Codex could handle implementation as well as review.

Spoiler: it absolutely can.

Codex methodically applied each improvement:

Screenshot showing Codex’s completion summary - “Applied the fixes across shortcode, JS, template, and Guide tab”
Screenshot showing detailed list of all changes Codex made
Screenshot showing the 4 files changed with specific line counts

Note: You could absolutely ask Claude Code to apply these fixes instead. Both approaches work. The choice depends on your workflow preference and which tool already has the most context about your specific requirements.

The Final Result

The difference was night and day:

Before Codex Review:

Screenshot of initial basic form

After Codex Review:

Screenshot of final polished form with all improvements

The final implementation now included:

  • ✅ Full security with nonce + honeypot
  • ✅ Proper AJAX/REST integration
  • ✅ Consistent styling across all contexts
  • ✅ Accurate documentation
  • ✅ Clean UI with proper icons
  • ✅ Hidden context field for fallback

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The Workflow That Changes Everything

Here’s my exact process:

Step 1: Initial Implementation with Claude Code

"Build [feature] following our project rules"

Let Claude Code do what it does best – create comprehensive implementations.

Step 2: Export for Review

Generate a git diff or summary of changes. Include:

  • The implementation code
  • Any UI screenshots
  • The intended functionality

Step 3: Codex Review

"Review this implementation for security, consistency, and correctness.
Attached is [git diff/code/screenshots]"

Watch as Codex finds issues you never would have caught.

Step 4: Apply Improvements (Two Options)

Option A: Ask Claude Code to apply the fixes

"Apply these recommended fixes: [Codex's feedback]"

Claude Code implements the improvements with full context of the original implementation.

Option B: Ask Codex to apply the fixes directly

"Yes, please apply all the fixes"

Codex can handle both review AND implementation – as I demonstrated in this example.

Both approaches work.

Choose based on:

  • Which tool has more context about your requirements
  • Your comfort level with each tool
  • The complexity of the fixes needed

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Why Claude Code & Codex Together Works So Well

Complementary Strengths

The Claude Code vs Codex combination leverages what each does best:

Claude Code brings:

  • Creative problem-solving
  • Comprehensive implementations
  • Deep context understanding
  • Rapid development

Codex brings:

  • Meticulous attention to detail
  • Security vulnerability detection
  • Consistency checking
  • Edge case identification

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Pro Tips for Maximum Effectiveness

1. Let Claude Code Explorer First

Always use Claude Code’s codebase-explorer agent for initial investigation.

It understands context better than starting fresh.

2. Be Specific with Codex

Don’t just say “review this.” Say:

  • “Check for security vulnerabilities”
  • “Verify integration points”
  • “Validate documentation accuracy”

3. Screenshot Everything

Visual proof helps both AIs understand what you’re building.

4. Don’t Skip the Review

Even if Claude Code’s implementation seems perfect, run it through Codex.

Those “small” issues compound into big problems.

5. Keep the Feedback Loop Tight

Apply fixes immediately while context is fresh.

Don’t let reviews pile up.

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The Bottom Line: Claude Code vs Codex is the Wrong Question

Stop treating Claude Code vs Codex as an either/or decision.

Start using them as collaborators.

The Claude Code vs Codex debate misses the point entirely.

They’re not competitors fighting for your attention – they’re complementary tools that achieve greatness together.

Claude Code is your brilliant architect who designs and builds. Codex is your meticulous inspector who ensures everything is perfect.

Together, they don’t just write code – they craft production-ready solutions that are secure, consistent, and maintainable.

My newsletter shortcode went from “it works” to “it’s bulletproof” in one review cycle.

That’s the power of using the right tool for the right job.

Your next feature deserves both the creativity of Claude Code and the precision of Codex. Why settle for less?


P.S. – This workflow has become so essential that I now budget time for both implementation and review in every feature. The 30 minutes spent on review saves hours of debugging later. Try it on your next feature and see the difference.

11 min read The Art of Vibe Coding, Claude, Vibe Coding

How a Read-Only Sub-Agent Saved My Context Window (And Fixed My WordPress Theme)

I was staring at my WordPress theme’s newsletter page, confused.

The “Recent Issues” section was supposed to show my latest newsletter posts. Instead, it was completely wrong.

The typical approach would be to let Claude Code dive into the codebase, reading file after file, searching for the problem.

But there’s a catch – each file Claude reads consumes precious context tokens.

By the time it finds the issue, it might have used 80% of its context window, leaving little room for actually fixing the problem.

That’s when I discovered a game-changing approach: the read-only sub-agent pattern.

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The Context Window Problem Nobody Talks About

When Claude Code explores a codebase, it’s like a detective gathering evidence.

Each file it reads, each search it performs, adds to its memory.

But unlike a human detective who can forget irrelevant details, Claude keeps everything in its context window.

Here’s what typically happens:

  1. You ask Claude to fix a bug
  2. Claude reads 10-20 files looking for the issue
  3. Each file might be hundreds of lines
  4. Suddenly, 80% of the context is consumed
  5. Claude struggles to maintain focus on the actual fix

It’s like trying to solve a puzzle while carrying every piece you’ve ever looked at. Eventually, you run out of hands.

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Enter the Codebase Explorer Sub-Agent

The solution?

Delegate the investigation to a specialized sub-agent that only reads and reports back.

Think of it as hiring a research assistant.

The assistant does all the reading, takes notes, and gives you a concise report.

You then use that report to make decisions without having to read everything yourself.

Here’s the actual sub-agent configuration I use:

The key insight: This sub-agent can ONLY read files, not modify them.

It explores, analyzes, and documents its findings in a markdown report.

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Real-World Example: Fixing My Newsletter Display

Let me show you exactly how this worked when fixing my WordPress theme.

Step 1: Launching the Investigation

Instead of diving straight into the code, I asked Claude to use the codebase-explorer agent to investigate why newsletter issues weren’t displaying:

Step 2: The Sub-Agent Takes Over

The codebase-explorer agent immediately went to work:

Notice how it’s thinking through the problem systematically. It’s not just randomly reading files – it’s forming a strategy.

Step 3: Sub-Agent Investigation & Documentation

The sub-agent went deep into the codebase, systematically exploring files and tracing the newsletter implementation:

After thorough investigation, it documented everything in a comprehensive markdown report:

  • Summary of the issue: Newsletter posts stored as regular WordPress posts with a specific category
  • Key files involved: page-newsletter.php, functions.php, theme options
  • The specific bug: Incorrect variable usage with setup_postdata()
  • Recommended fix: Change loop variable from $issue to $post

Critical detail: The sub-agent consumed 51,000 tokens during its investigation.

Without the sub-agent pattern, those 51k tokens would have been loaded directly into the main agent’s context window!

Step 4: Main Agent Takes Over With Clean Context

With the sub-agent’s analysis complete, the main agent took over with a nearly empty context window:

Notice how the main agent can now work with surgical precision. It reads the specific file mentioned in the analysis:

The main agent confirms the issue: The code was using $issue as the loop variable but WordPress’s setup_postdata() function expects the global $post variable to work correctly.

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Step 5: The Main Agent’s Surgical Fix

Armed with the sub-agent’s report and with 90% of its context still available, the main agent presented a precise fix:

The fix was surgical and precise:

Step 6: Success!

The newsletter issues now display perfectly!

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Why the Sub-Agent Must Be Read-Only

You might wonder: “Why not let the sub-agent fix the problem directly?”

Here’s why the read-only constraint is crucial:

  1. Context Preservation: The main reason – saving those 51,000 tokens for the main agent’s context
  2. Avoiding Code Duplication: If the sub-agent makes changes and passes control back, the main agent might not be aware of what was modified. This often leads to:
    • Duplicate implementations of the same fix
    • Violating the DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself) principle
    • Conflicting code changes
    • Confusion about the current state of files
  3. Maintaining Control: The main agent maintains a coherent understanding of all changes made to the codebase

The read-only pattern ensures clean handoffs: The sub-agent investigates and reports, the main agent decides and implements.

No confusion, no duplication, no wasted context.

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The Context Window Visualization

Let me show you exactly how context consumption differs between the two approaches:

Without Sub-Agent: Direct Investigation

Result: High risk of context overflow, limited ability to handle complex fixes

With Sub-Agent: Delegated Investigation

Result: Minimal context usage, full capacity for implementation

The Compound Effect Over Multiple Tasks

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The Numbers That Matter

Without the sub-agent pattern:

  • Files read directly: 15-20
  • Context consumed: ~80%
  • Investigation time: 20+ minutes
  • Risk of context overflow: High
  • Ability to handle complex fixes after investigation: Limited

With the sub-agent pattern:

  • Files read by main agent: 1 (the analysis report)
  • Context consumed: <10%
  • Investigation time: Same, but parallelized
  • Risk of context overflow: Minimal
  • Ability to handle complex fixes: Excellent

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Setting Up Your Own Codebase Explorer

Here’s the complete sub-agent configuration you can use:

---
name: codebase-explorer
description: Use this agent when you need to investigate, search, or analyze the codebase without making any modifications. This agent specializes in read-only operations to understand code structure, find relevant files, trace dependencies, and document findings. Perfect for preliminary investigation before code changes, understanding feature implementations, or analyzing issues.\n\nExamples:\n- <example>\n  Context: The user wants to understand how authentication is implemented before making changes.\n  user: "I need to add a new authentication method. Can you first investigate how the current auth system works?"\n  assistant: "I'll use the codebase-explorer agent to investigate the authentication implementation and document the findings."\n  <commentary>\n  Since this requires read-only investigation of the codebase before making changes, use the codebase-explorer agent to analyze and document the current implementation.\n  </commentary>\n</example>\n- <example>\n  Context: The user is debugging an issue and needs to understand the code flow.\n  user: "There's a bug in the payment processing. I need to understand all the files involved in the payment flow."\n  assistant: "Let me launch the codebase-explorer agent to trace through the payment processing flow and identify all related files."\n  <commentary>\n  The user needs read-only investigation to understand the codebase structure, perfect for the codebase-explorer agent.\n  </commentary>\n</example>\n- <example>\n  Context: Before implementing a new feature, understanding existing patterns is needed.\n  user: "We need to add a new API endpoint. First, let's see how the existing endpoints are structured."\n  assistant: "I'll use the codebase-explorer agent to analyze the existing API endpoint patterns and document them."\n  <commentary>\n  This requires read-only analysis of existing code patterns, ideal for the codebase-explorer agent.\n  </commentary>\n</example>
tools: mcp__ide__getDiagnostics, mcp__ide__executeCode, Glob, Grep, Read, WebFetch, TodoWrite, WebSearch, BashOutput, KillBash, Write
model: sonnet
color: cyan
---

You are a specialized codebase exploration and analysis agent. Your sole purpose is to perform read-only operations to investigate, search, and understand codebases, then document your findings comprehensively.

**Core Responsibilities:**

1. Search and locate files relevant to specific features, issues, or components
2. Analyze code structure, dependencies, and relationships between files
3. Trace execution flows and identify all components involved in specific functionality
4. Document findings in a clear, structured markdown file

**Operational Constraints:**

-   You must NEVER modify, edit, or create any code files
-   You must NEVER make changes to existing functionality
-   You are strictly limited to read-only operations: viewing, searching, and analyzing
-   Your only write operation is creating/updating your findings document in the notes folder

**Workflow Process:**

1. **Initial Assessment**: Understand the specific issue/feature to investigate
2. **Strategic Search**: Use targeted searches to locate relevant files:
    - Search for keywords, function names, class names related to the topic
    - Look for imports and dependencies
    - Check configuration files and entry points
3. **Deep Analysis**: For each relevant file found:
    - Document its purpose and role
    - Note key functions/classes it contains
    - Identify its dependencies and what depends on it
    - Record important implementation details
4. **Relationship Mapping**: Trace how files connect and interact
5. **Documentation**: Create a comprehensive markdown report

**Documentation Format:**
Your findings must be written to a markdown file in the `notes/` folder with a descriptive name like `notes/[timestamp]_analysis_[issue/feature/component/etc].md`. Structure your report as:

```markdown
# Codebase Analysis: [Topic/Feature/Issue]

## Summary

[Brief overview of what was investigated and key findings]

## Relevant Files Identified

### Core Files

-   `path/to/file1.ext`: [Purpose and key responsibilities]
-   `path/to/file2.ext`: [Purpose and key responsibilities]

### Supporting Files

-   `path/to/support1.ext`: [Role in the system]
-   `path/to/support2.ext`: [Role in the system]

## Implementation Details

### [Component/Feature Name]

-   Location: `path/to/implementation`
-   Key Functions/Classes:
    -   `functionName()`: [What it does]
    -   `ClassName`: [Its responsibility]
-   Dependencies: [List of imports and external dependencies]
-   Used By: [What other parts of the code use this]

## Code Flow Analysis

1. Entry point: `file.ext:functionName()`
2. Calls: `another.ext:processFunction()`
3. [Continue tracing the execution flow]

## Key Observations

-   [Important patterns noticed]
-   [Potential areas of interest]
-   [Configuration or environment dependencies]

## File Relationships Map
```

[ASCII or text-based diagram showing file relationships]

```

## Additional Notes
[Any other relevant information for the main agent]
```

**Search Strategies:**

-   Use grep/ripgrep for pattern matching across the codebase
-   Search for class/function definitions and their usages
-   Look for import statements to understand dependencies
-   Check test files to understand expected behavior
-   Review configuration files for feature flags or settings

**Quality Checks:**

-   Ensure all mentioned files actually exist and paths are correct
-   Verify that your analysis covers the complete scope requested
-   Double-check that no modifications were made to any files
-   Confirm your findings document is saved in the notes folder

**Communication Protocol:**
When you complete your analysis:

1. Save your findings to the notes folder
2. Provide the exact path to your findings file
3. Give a brief summary of what was discovered
4. Explicitly state: "Analysis complete. Findings documented in [path/to/notes/file.md] for main agent review."

Remember: You are a read-only investigator. Your value lies in thorough exploration and clear documentation, enabling the main agent to make informed decisions without consuming excessive context through tool calls.

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Pro Tips for Maximum Effectiveness

1. Be Specific with Investigation Goals

Don’t just say “investigate the auth system.”

Say “find all files involved in user login, session management, and authentication middleware.”

2. Use the Analysis Document

The sub-agent’s markdown report becomes your reference.

Keep it open while the main agent works.

3. Chain Multiple Investigations

Need to understand both authentication AND payment processing? Run two separate investigations, get two reports.

4. Preserve Context for Complex Fixes

By keeping the main agent’s context clean, you can tackle complex refactoring that would otherwise hit limits.

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The WordPress Gotcha That Almost Got Me

This pattern revealed something interesting about WordPress development.

The setup_postdata() function is notoriously finicky about variable names. It specifically requires the global $post variable to be set.

This is the kind of subtle bug that could consume hours of debugging.

With the sub-agent pattern, we found it in minutes without polluting the main context.

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Beyond WordPress: Universal Application

While my example uses WordPress, this pattern works for any codebase:

  • React applications: Trace component hierarchies and prop flows
  • Node.js APIs: Map endpoint relationships and middleware chains
  • Python projects: Understand module dependencies and import structures
  • Ruby on Rails: Explore MVC relationships and gem integrations

The principle remains the same: Delegate investigation to preserve implementation context.

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Your Next Steps

  1. Copy the sub-agent configuration from this post
  2. Add it to your Claude Code project
  3. Next time you need to investigate, use the magic words: “Use the codebase-explorer agent to investigate…”
  4. Watch your context efficiency soar

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The Bottom Line

Context window management isn’t just about efficiency – it’s about capability.

By using a read-only sub-agent for investigation, you’re not just saving tokens. You’re ensuring Claude Code maintains the focus and context needed to implement complex solutions.

My newsletter display bug?

Fixed in minutes with a two-line change. But more importantly, I had 90% of my context window still available for additional improvements.

Stop letting investigation consume your implementation capacity.

Start using the codebase-explorer pattern.

Your future self – knee-deep in a complex refactoring with plenty of context to spare – will thank you.


P.S. – This pattern has fundamentally changed how I work with Claude Code. I now investigate first, implement second, and never worry about context overflow. Try it on your next debugging session and see the difference.

8 min read The Art of Vibe Coding, Claude

The Claude Code Date Bug That’s Sabotaging Your Web Searches (And The 3-Minute Fix)

You fire up Claude Code to research the latest email authentication methods.

Claude starts searching… and brings back articles from 2024.

“But it’s 2025,” you think. “I need current information.”

You ask Claude directly: “What’s today’s date?”

“2025-08-27,” it responds correctly.

Then you ask it to search again. This time it searches for “email OTP authentication best practices 2025.”

Finally! Current information.

But next session?
You forget to ask for the date.
Back to 2024 searches.

This dance of “remember to ask for the date” is exhausting.

Let me show you the 3-minute fix that ensures Claude Code always knows what year it is – automatically.

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The Problem: Claude Defaults to 2024 Without Context

Here’s what’s actually happening:

Claude Code knows the current date when you ask. But when it searches the web without that context, it defaults to 2024 – likely because that’s heavily represented in its training data.

Look at that screenshot.

Claude searches for “email OTP authentication implementation best practices security 2024” when you haven’t reminded it what year it is.

This means:

  • You get outdated npm packages
  • You miss breaking changes in frameworks
  • You implement deprecated patterns
  • You follow security practices that have been updated

The worst part? You don’t even realize it’s happening unless you carefully watch the search queries.

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The Manual Workaround (That Actually Works)

The community discovered a workaround:

> what is today's date?
● 2025-08-27

> do a research how to implement email otp authentication
● I'll research email OTP authentication implementation for you...
● Web Search("email OTP authentication implementation best practices 2025")

By asking for the date first, Claude correctly searches with 2025.

It works! Every single time.

But here’s the problem…

Who remembers to ask “what is today’s date?” at the start of every coding session?

Nobody.

That’s who.

I’ll start a session, dive straight into coding, and 20 minutes later realize Claude’s been feeding me outdated information.

We need something automatic.

Something that just works without us having to remember.

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Enter Claude Code Hooks: Your Automated Time Machine

Claude Code has a powerful but underused feature: hooks.

Hooks are scripts that run automatically at specific points in your Claude Code session. And here’s the beautiful part – anything they print to stdout gets injected directly into Claude’s context.

Every. Single. Session.

This means we can force Claude to always know the current date without ever having to ask.

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The 3-Minute Implementation

Step 1: Create the Date Hook Script (1 minute)

Create a file at .claude/hooks/add-date.sh in your project:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail

# Force your timezone so "today/tomorrow" align correctly
TZ=${TZ:-Asia/Kuala_Lumpur}  # Change to your timezone

# Human-friendly + machine-friendly timestamps
HUMAN=$(date +"%A, %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z (%z)")
ISO=$(date -Iseconds)

# This gets injected into Claude's context
printf "[CONTEXT] Now: %s | ISO: %s\n" "$HUMAN" "$ISO"

Make it executable:

chmod +x .claude/hooks/add-date.sh

Step 2: Register the Hook (1 minute)

Create or edit .claude/settings.json in your project:

{
  "hooks": {
    "SessionStart": [
      {
        "hooks": [
          {
            "type": "command",
            "command": "$CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR/.claude/hooks/add-date.sh"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

Step 3: Restart Claude Code (1 minute)

Close and reopen Claude Code in your project directory.

That’s it. You’re done.

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How It Works

Every time you start a Claude Code session, the hook automatically runs and injects something like this into Claude’s context:

[CONTEXT] Now: Wednesday, 2025-08-27 19:22:57 +08 (+0800) | ISO: 2025-08-27T19:22:57+08:00

Claude sees this before processing any of your requests. It’s impossible for it to forget what year it is.

Now when you ask Claude to research anything, it automatically searches with the correct year – without you having to ask for the date first:

> do a research how to implement email otp authentication

● I'll research email OTP authentication implementation approaches for you.
● Web Search("email OTP authentication implementation best practices 2025")

No more forgetting to ask for the date.

No more outdated searches.

No more deprecated solutions.

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Before and After: The Difference Is Night and Day

Before (No Hook):

  1. Start Claude Code session
  2. Ask for help with authentication
  3. Claude searches for “authentication best practices 2024”
  4. You implement outdated patterns
  5. Discover issues during code review
  6. Realize you forgot to tell Claude the date
  7. Start over

After (With Hook):

  1. Start Claude Code session
  2. Hook automatically injects current date
  3. Ask for help with authentication
  4. Claude searches for “authentication best practices 2025”
  5. You get current, relevant information
  6. Ship with confidence

The manual workaround works – when you remember to use it. The hook ensures you never have to remember.

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Advanced Tips & Customization

Tip 1: Project-Specific vs Global Hooks

You can place hooks in two locations:

Project-specific (what we did above):

  • .claude/settings.json in your project
  • Only affects this project
  • Perfect for project-specific context

Global (affects all projects):

  • ~/.claude/settings.json in your home directory
  • Applies to every Claude Code session
  • Ideal for the date fix

For the date fix, I recommend global installation so all your projects benefit.

Tip 2: Timezone Alignment

If you’re working with a distributed team, standardize the timezone:

# Force UTC for consistency
TZ=UTC

# Or match your deployment region
TZ=America/New_York

# Or your local timezone
TZ=Asia/Kuala_Lumpur

This ensures “today” and “tomorrow” mean the same thing to both you and Claude.

Tip 3: Add More Context

Why stop at dates? Inject other useful context:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Current date
printf "[CONTEXT] Now: %s\n" "$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z')"

# Git branch
printf "[CONTEXT] Git Branch: %s\n" "$(git branch --show-current 2>/dev/null || echo 'none')"

# Node version
printf "[CONTEXT] Node: %s\n" "$(node --version 2>/dev/null || echo 'not installed')"

# Project type
if [ -f "package.json" ]; then
    printf "[CONTEXT] Project: Node.js/JavaScript\n"
elif [ -f "Cargo.toml" ]; then
    printf "[CONTEXT] Project: Rust\n"
elif [ -f "go.mod" ]; then
    printf "[CONTEXT] Project: Go\n"
fi

Now Claude always knows your environment without asking.

Tip 4: Debug Output

Add this to see what’s being injected:

# At the end of your hook script
printf "[CONTEXT] Hook executed at %s\n" "$(date)" >&2

The >&2 sends it to stderr so you see it in the terminal but it doesn’t pollute Claude’s context.

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Why This Matters More Than You Think

This isn’t just about getting the right year in searches.

When Claude knows the current date automatically:

  1. Package recommendations are current – No more “try this package” that was deprecated 6 months ago
  2. Security practices are up-to-date – Critical for authentication, encryption, and data handling
  3. Framework features are accurate – “Next.js 15 supports…” actually means Next.js 15, not 14
  4. API documentation is relevant – No more implementing v2 endpoints when v3 is current
  5. Time-relative queries work – “What changed last month” actually means last month
  6. No cognitive overhead – You never have to remember to “set the date” again

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The Hidden Cost of Forgetting

Let’s be honest about how often we forget:

  • Monday morning: Fresh start, dive straight into code. Forget to set date.
  • After lunch: New session, immediate problem to solve. Forget to set date.
  • Quick fix: “Just need to check something real quick.” Forget to set date.
  • Context switch: Jump between projects. Forget to set date.

Each forgotten date request potentially means:

  • Outdated package versions
  • Deprecated API endpoints
  • Old security practices
  • Obsolete framework features

Multiply this by every session, every day, across your entire team.

The compound cost is enormous.

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Your Action Items

  1. Implement the fix now (seriously, it takes 3 minutes)
  2. Choose your scope:
    • Just this project? Use .claude/settings.json
    • All projects? Use ~/.claude/settings.json
    • Team-wide? Add to your project template
  3. Customize the timezone to match your work location
  4. Test it: Start a new session and ask Claude to research something current – without asking for the date first
  5. Share this with your team – everyone using Claude Code needs this fix
  6. Add to onboarding – Make this part of your developer setup checklist

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The Bottom Line

The manual workaround works perfectly – when you remember to use it.

But depending on memory for something this critical is a recipe for outdated code.

This 3-minute hook implementation eliminates an entire category of errors caused by temporal confusion. Set it once, benefit forever.

Stop playing “remember to ask for the date” roulette.

Stop getting 2024 solutions in 2025.

Stop trusting your memory for something a computer should handle.

When will you implement this fix? How about right now?


P.S. – I discovered this problem after implementing three different deprecated API integrations in one week. Each time, I’d forgotten to ask Claude for the date at the start of my session. Three rewrites that could have been avoided with a 3-minute fix.

P.P.S. – The worst part? Claude’s 2024 solutions usually “work” – they’re just outdated. You don’t realize there’s a better, more secure, more efficient 2025 way until much later. Fix this now before it costs you more technical debt.

6 min read The Art of Vibe Coding, Claude, Vibe Coding

Why GPT-5 Thinking Mode Beats Claude 4 Opus for Brainstorming PRDs (And It’s Not Even Close)

A few weeks ago, I wrote about “Stop Asking Claude Code to ‘Build Me an App’ – Here’s How to Actually Get What You Want”, where I shared my PRD brainstorming workflow with Claude 4 Opus.

I thought I had the perfect system.

Then GPT-5 thinking mode entered the scene…

This is where I realized I’d been settling for “good enough” when “exceptional” was possible.

After running the exact same PRD brainstorming session through both AIs, the difference was shocking.

Let me show you why GPT-5 thinking mode has completely replaced Claude for my requirements gathering.

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The Test: Same Project, Two Different AIs

I gave both AIs the identical starting prompt:

(Click here for my complete PRD brainstorming prompt)

Both were instructed to iterate with me until we had a complete PRD.

What happened next revealed everything.

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The Thoroughness Gap: 14 Questions vs 6

GPT-5’s opening move: 14 meticulously organized questions across 7 categories:

  • Audience & Use Cases
  • Content Scope
  • Collaboration & Sharing
  • Pricing & Packaging
  • Branding & UX
  • Compliance & Security
  • Differentiators

Claude’s opening: 6 questions, loosely organized.

But it wasn’t just the quantity – it was the quality of organization.

GPT-5 grouped related decisions together.

Want to define your audience?

Here are all the audience-related questions in one section.

Ready to tackle content?

Here’s everything about documents and formats.

Claude mixed concerns.

Document formats in question 2, collaboration in question 6, with pricing wedged in between.

The result?

With GPT-5, I made coherent, related decisions.

With Claude, I was jumping between unrelated topics, losing context with each switch.

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The Detail Devil: GPT-5 Never Lets Anything Slide

Here’s where it gets really interesting.

When I told GPT-5 I wanted to “summarize long PDFs” but then said “text and markdown only” for file types, it immediately caught the contradiction:

It then offered three ways to resolve this:

  • a) Replace the use case with “Summarize long text/Markdown files”
  • b) Keep the use case but clarify PDF conversion approach
  • c) Custom solution

Claude? Missed it entirely. Just updated the requirements with the contradiction intact.

This happened repeatedly.

GPT-5 caught every inconsistency, every gap, every ambiguity.

It was like having a senior product manager reviewing my requirements in real-time.

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The Pattern Consistency: Options All The Way Down

This drove me crazy with Claude.

Claude’s pattern breaking:

  • Question 1: Gives options (a, b, c, d, e, f)
  • Question 2: Gives options (a through h)
  • Question 3: Suddenly just asks “Which AI models/providers should the platform support?” with no options
  • Question 4: Back to options
  • Question 5: Mix of some with options, some without

I had to constantly switch between selecting from a list and coming up with my own answers. Cognitive overhead I didn’t need.

GPT-5’s consistency: Every. Single. Question. Had. Options.

Even for granular details like:

When I wanted something custom, I could always choose that. But 90% of the time, the options covered what I needed.

This consistency meant I could move fast.

See options, pick one, move on.

No context switching between “selection mode” and “creation mode.”

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The Persistence Factor: GPT-5 Doesn’t Give Up

Watch what happens when I give minimal answers.

My responses to GPT-5:

1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B

GPT-5’s reaction: Instead of just accepting these and moving on, it dug deeper:

It kept refining until every single detail was captured.

Not annoying persistence – smart persistence. Each follow-up revealed something I hadn’t considered but definitely needed to decide.

Claude’s approach:

After my final responses, Claude asked:

Good questions, but notice: no options provided.

Back to making me generate answers from scratch.

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The Organization Difference: Categories vs Chaos

GPT-5’s question organization:

## A. Audience & Use Cases
## B. Content Scope
## C. Collaboration & Sharing
## D. Pricing & Packaging
## E. Branding & UX
## F. Compliance & Security
## G. Differentiators

Each section was a complete thought. Make all your audience decisions, then move to content, then collaboration. Logical flow.

Claude’s organization:

1. Target Audience & Use Case
2. Document Types & Formats
3. AI Model Integration
4. Document Organization
5. Pricing/Access Model
6. Collaboration Features

Looks similar? It’s not. Claude jumps from use case to formats to AI models back to organization. There’s no coherent flow. You’re constantly context-switching between different mental models.

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The Completeness Check: 50+ Decisions vs Hope

By the end of the GPT-5 session, I had made over 50 explicit decisions about my product.

Every decision was:

  • Presented with context
  • Given multiple options
  • Validated against other decisions
  • Refined if there were conflicts

With Claude, I made about 30 decisions, and several critical areas were just… assumed.

Example: Session persistence. GPT-5 asked about it upfront. Claude only asked at the very end, almost as an afterthought. But this is a fundamental architectural decision that affects everything from the database schema to the user experience.

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The Verdict: It’s Not Even a Competition

Look, Claude 4 Opus is good. If GPT-5 thinking mode didn’t exist, I’d still be happy using Claude for PRDs.

But GPT-5 thinking mode is exceptional.

It’s the difference between:

  • A helpful assistant vs. a senior product manager
  • Getting most requirements vs. getting ALL requirements
  • Good enough vs. production-ready
  • Hoping you caught everything vs. knowing you caught everything

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How to Maximize GPT-5 Thinking Mode for PRDs

1. Answer everything

Even if a question seems minor, answer it. GPT-5 asks for a reason. That “minor” decision about folder colors? It affects the entire information architecture.

2. Choose from options (mostly)

Unless you have a specific custom need, pick from the provided options. They’re thoughtfully crafted to cover 95% of use cases.

3. Review the categories

GPT-5’s categorization isn’t random. Each category represents a complete area of your product. Make sure you’ve thought through each one.

4. Embrace the follow-ups

Those “tiny things left” aren’t GPT-5 being pedantic. They’re the difference between a good PRD and a great one.

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Your Next PRD

Here’s my challenge to you:

Take that product idea you’ve been sitting on. The one that feels too complex to properly define.

  1. Use the exact prompt template from my previous post
  2. Run it through GPT-5 thinking mode
  3. Answer every question it asks
  4. Watch as your vague idea transforms into a production-ready PRD

The difference isn’t subtle. It’s transformative.

GPT-5 thinking mode doesn’t just help you write a PRD. It forces you to make every decision your product needs. Before you write a single line of code.

That’s not just better requirements gathering.

That’s better product development.


P.S. – I ran 5 different projects through both AIs. GPT-5 caught an average of 3x more edge cases and required 50% more decisions. Every additional decision was something I would have discovered the hard way during development. The time investment in answering GPT-5’s questions is nothing compared to the time saved not refactoring later.

8 min read Claude, The Art of Vibe Coding, Vibe Coding

How GPT-5 Thinking Mode Turns Complex Research Into Perfect Claude Code Prompts 

I just discovered a workflow that completely changed how I approach complex integrations with Claude Code.

It started with a simple question:

“How do I use Reddit’s API without OAuth2?”

It ended with GPT-5 generating the most comprehensive, project-aware Claude Code prompt I’ve ever seen.

Let me show you how this works, because once you see it, you’ll never write Claude Code prompts the same way again.

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The Problem: Complex APIs Need Complex Context

Here’s the typical journey when you need to integrate something like Reddit’s API:

  1. Google “Reddit API tutorial”
  2. Find 17 conflicting blog posts
  3. Realize you need OAuth2
  4. Find another 23 tutorials on OAuth2
  5. Try to piece together how it works
  6. Attempt to explain it to Claude Code
  7. Get something that “works” but probably has security holes
  8. Debug for hours

The real problem isn’t Claude Code’s ability to implement – it’s that we don’t give it enough context.

We say “add Reddit login” when we should be providing:

  • Complete OAuth2 flow understanding
  • Security considerations
  • Token refresh strategies
  • Error handling patterns
  • Integration with existing code patterns

But who has time to research and document all that?

GPT-5 does.

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Enter GPT-5’s Thinking Mode

GPT-5’s thinking mode isn’t just about reasoning – it’s about deep research, synthesis, and transformation.

Here’s what happened when I asked it about Reddit’s API:

Me: “Find out how to use Reddit API without going through oauth2”

GPT-5: Proceeds to create ASCII art diagrams explaining why OAuth2 is actually necessary

Not only did it explain why I needed OAuth2, it made it understandable with visual analogies.

But here’s where it gets interesting…

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From Research to Implementation Guide

Me: “Can you write a full guide with code implementation on how to implement this. My app is based on Next.js 15”

What happened next was remarkable.

GPT-5 didn’t just write generic OAuth2 code. It:

  1. Researched Reddit’s specific requirements
    • Exact endpoints (oauth.reddit.com not www.reddit.com)
    • Required headers (User-Agent format)
    • Rate limits (100 QPM per client)
    • Token refresh patterns
  2. Considered Next.js 15 architecture
    • App Router patterns
    • Server-side token exchange
    • httpOnly cookies for security
    • Proper runtime configurations
  3. Created production-ready code
    • Complete file structure
    • Security best practices
    • Error handling
    • Token refresh logic
    • Revocation on logout

The guide was 200+ lines of implementation-ready code with explanations for every decision.

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The Magic Moment: Transforming Research Into Claude Code Prompts

This is where things got really powerful.

I showed GPT-5 my standard Claude Code improvement prompt:

# Step 1: Run the following command to understand the current state of the project:

eza . --tree -git-ignore --ignore-glob="node_modules|.git|tmp|.claude|dist|.next|notes"

# Step 2: Review the project rules:

- @notes/rules.md

# Step 3: Review the current codebase and analyze the following improvement items:

Think hard, analyze the existing codebase, and the following improvement items:

{{_IMPROVEMENTS_}}

# Step 4: Create a plan to address the identified improvement items:

- List out everything that needs to be done to implement the improvements in a todos list.
- For each item in the todos list, create a sub-agent to address it. The sub agent should analyze the existing codebase, understand the requirements, and implement the task assigned to it. The sub agent can use web search to find solutions to problems it encounters.
- Once the sub-agent has completed its task, it should report back with the results and any issues encountered. You can then review the results and decide whether to proceed with the next item in the todos list or make adjustments as needed.

And asked: “Help me incorporate the guide into this prompt”

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What GPT-5 Did Was Brilliant

Instead of just dumping the OAuth2 guide into my prompt template, GPT-5:

1. Preserved My Workflow Structure

It kept my exact step-by-step approach:

  • Inspect project structure
  • Review project rules
  • Analyze improvements
  • Create sub-agent tasks

2. Added Context-Aware Constraints

### Constraints (must follow)
* **Minimal changes.** Reuse existing helpers, env loading, logger, http client, and cookie/session utilities where possible.
* **Consistency.** Match the project's TypeScript config, import style, lint/format, directory layout, error handling, and naming.
* **No client secrets on the client.** Do all token exchanges on server routes.
* **Single source of truth.** If an auth/session layer exists (e.g., custom cookies/DB, NextAuth), integrate with it instead of creating a parallel system.

These weren’t generic OAuth2 rules – they were specific to integrating with an existing Next.js codebase.

3. Created Discovery Tasks

Instead of assuming the project structure, it added intelligence gathering:

### Discovery tasks for the sub-agent
* Map existing **auth/session** flows (cookies, NextAuth, custom DB sessions).
* Identify existing **HTTP** wrapper, **logger**, **error** utilities to reuse.
* Check for an **App Router** structure and how API routes are organized.
* Decide between two minimal integration paths:
  * **Path A (no existing auth lib):** Use a tiny httpOnly cookie session
  * **Path B (NextAuth present):** Add Reddit as a custom OAuth provider

4. Embedded the Complete Implementation

The entire OAuth2 implementation guide was reformatted as reference code that Claude Code could adapt based on what it discovered in the existing codebase.

5. Maintained My Sub-Agent Pattern

It structured the todos to work with my one-sub-agent-at-a-time approach:

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The Result: A Perfect Claude Code Prompt

The final prompt was 400+ lines of:

  • Clear objectives
  • Discovery instructions
  • Conditional implementation paths
  • Complete reference code
  • Integration patterns
  • Testing checklist

All tailored to work with my existing project structure and patterns.

When I fed this to Claude Code, it:

  1. Analyzed my existing auth setup
  2. Chose the appropriate integration path
  3. Reused my existing utilities
  4. Implemented only what was needed
  5. Maintained consistency with my codebase

Zero back-and-forth. It just worked.

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Why This Changes Everything

This workflow solves the fundamental problem of Claude Code prompts: lack of comprehensive context.

Instead of:

You: “Add Reddit login”

Claude: Makes assumptions, possibly wrong implementation

You: “No, not like that…”

Claude: Different assumptions

[Repeat 10x]

You get:

You: [Comprehensive prompt generated by GPT-5]

Claude: Analyzes, plans, implements correctly

Done.

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The GPT-5 + Claude Code Workflow

Here’s the workflow I now use for any complex integration:

Step 1: Research with GPT-5

"I need to integrate [X] into my Next.js app. Research the best practices, security concerns, and implementation patterns."

GPT-5 will:

  • Search current documentation
  • Understand the technology deeply
  • Create visual explanations
  • Provide implementation guides

Step 2: Request Implementation Guide

"Write a comprehensive implementation guide for [X] in Next.js 15
with App Router, TypeScript, and production best practices"

GPT-5 creates complete, working code with explanations.

Step 3: Transform into Claude Code Prompt

"Here's my Claude Code prompt template: [template]
Incorporate the implementation guide while:
- Preserving my workflow structure
- Adding discovery tasks to understand existing code
- Creating conditional paths based on what exists
- Maintaining focus on minimal changes"

GPT-5 transforms the guide into a perfect Claude Code prompt.

Step 4: Execute with Claude Code

Feed the generated prompt to Claude Code and watch it implement everything correctly, respecting your existing patterns.

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Pro Tips for Maximum Effectiveness

Tip 1: Be Specific About Your Stack

Tell GPT-5 exactly what you’re using:

  • Framework version (Next.js 15, not just Next.js)
  • Router type (App Router vs Pages)
  • Language preferences (TypeScript vs JavaScript)
  • Existing libraries (NextAuth, Prisma, etc.)

Tip 2: Ask for Alternatives

"Research [X] and provide 2-3 implementation approaches with trade-offs for each"

GPT-5 will research multiple solutions and help you choose.

Tip 3: Request Discovery Tasks

Always ask GPT-5 to add discovery tasks to the prompt:

"Add discovery tasks to check what already exists before implementing"

This prevents Claude Code from duplicating existing functionality.

Tip 4: Emphasize Minimal Changes

"The prompt should emphasize reusing existing patterns and making minimal changes"

This keeps your codebase consistent and maintainable.

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The Hidden Superpower: Learning by Prompting

Here’s an unexpected benefit:

You learn more from reading GPT-5’s research and transformations than from any tutorial.

When GPT-5 explained OAuth2 with ASCII art:

  • I finally understood the flow
  • The security reasons became clear
  • The implementation made sense

When it transformed the guide into a Claude Code prompt:

  • I saw how to structure complex requirements
  • I learned conditional implementation patterns
  • I understood integration decision trees

You’re not just getting better code – you’re becoming a better developer.

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Your Next Complex Integration

Think about that complex integration you’ve been putting off:

  • Payment processing?
  • Authentication system?
  • Third-party API?
  • Real-time features?

Now imagine:

  1. GPT-5 researching everything for you
  2. Creating a comprehensive guide
  3. Transforming it into a perfect Claude Code prompt
  4. Claude implementing it correctly the first time

Stop writing vague prompts and hoping Claude figures it out.

Start using GPT-5 to create comprehensive, context-aware prompts that work.

What complex integration will you tackle with this workflow?


P.S. – The Reddit OAuth2 integration that would have taken me days of research and trial-and-error? Implemented perfectly in 30 minutes. GPT-5 research + Claude Code implementation = the ultimate dev workflow. Try it and watch your productivity explode.

8 min read The Art of Vibe Coding, Claude, Vibe Coding

How I “Vibe Code” a WordPress Plugin in 50 Minutes with Claude Code

A few months ago, I presented a talk called “Build Your First WordPress Plugin with The Power of AI (Even if You Can’t Code!)” at WordCamp Johor Bharu 2025.

The room was divided.

The tech folks? Their eyes lit up like Christmas trees.

Everyone else? They looked like I’d just explained quantum physics in ancient Sanskrit.

That’s when it hit me – I was too deep in the rabbit hole to see how overwhelming my “simple” workflow actually was.

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The Original Sin: Over-Complication

My original workflow was a beast:

  1. Brainstorm requirements (using one AI tool)
  2. Establish project rules (using another tool)
  3. Generate technical specifications (yet another tool)
  4. Create implementation plans (you guessed it – another tool)
  5. Implement step-by-step (finally, some coding with Cursor)

Five steps. Multiple AI tools. Different subscriptions.

No wonder people looked confused.

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Back to the Drawing Board

I needed to simplify. Drastically.

First decision: One tool to rule them all. I chose Claude Code.

Why? Claude 4 Opus isn’t just powerful – it’s the Swiss Army knife of AI coding. It can plan, research, code, and debug all in one place.

Second decision: Streamline the workflow.

Now, I still believe in proper requirements and project rules (I’ve written about how to brainstorm for proper project requirements and establishing project rules before). But here’s the key insight:

Project rules (WordPress standards) you create once and reuse. Requirements are unique per plugin, but quick to define with the right template.

So the actual development workflow becomes just three steps:

  1. Wireframe – ASCII sketches to visualize without code
  2. Build – Let Claude Code do its magic
  3. Improve – Fix what needs fixing

That’s it.

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Setting Up Your Project Structure

Before diving in, create this simple structure:

your-plugin/
├── notes/
│   ├── requirements.md    # Your plugin-specific requirements
│   ├── rules.md          # WordPress development standards
│   └── wireframes.md     # ASCII wireframes (created in step 1)
└── ... (plugin files will go here)

This organization keeps your planning separate from your code, making it easy for Claude Code to reference.

Pro tip: The eza command in my prompts is a modern replacement for ls. If you don’t have it, just use ls -la or tree – the point is to show Claude Code your project structure.

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The Plugin That Started It All: Secure AI Agent Access

To test this streamlined approach, I built something I actually needed – a WordPress plugin that gives AI agents secure, temporary access to WordPress admin.

Here’s how the 3-step process played out:

Step 1: Wireframe (5 minutes)

This is where ASCII art becomes your best friend.

Here’s the exact prompt I use:

# Step 1: Run the following command to understand the current state of the project:
eza . --tree -git-ignore --ignore-glob="node_modules|.git|tmp|.claude|dist|.next|notes"

# Step 2: Review the project requirements and rules:
- @notes/rules.md
- @notes/requirements.md

# Step 3: Design the ASCII wireframe for the project:
1. Explore the codebase, understand the requirements and project rules, and think harder about the best way to design the ASCII wireframe for the project.
2. Come up with a list of todos to design the ASCII wireframe for the project.
3. Assign a new sub agent to work on each item in the todos list.
4. Once the sub agent is done, review the work and make sure it meets the requirements and project rules.
5. If it does, add it to the @notes/wireframes.md file.
6. If it doesn't, ask the sub agent to fix it.
7. Repeat the process until the wireframe is complete.
8. Once the wireframe is complete, add it to the @notes/wireframes.md file.

The magic here?

Claude Code uses sub-agents to think through each UI component separately, then assembles them into a cohesive design.

Example of the result:

┌─── Generate Magic Link ───────────────────────────────────────┐ 
│                                                               │
│  Select User Account                                          │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
│  │ [�] Select a user...                                    │  │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
│                                                               │
│  User List:                                                   │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
│  │ " content_editor (Editor)                               │  │
│  │ " shop_manager (Shop Manager)                           │  │
│  │ " author_user (Author)                                  │  │
│  │ " contributor_1 (Contributor)                           │  │
│  │                                                         │  │
│  │ �� Administrator accounts cannot be selected            │  │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
│                                                               │
│  Session Duration                                             │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
│  │ Maximum: 1 hour (default)                               │  │
│  │ Inactivity timeout: 15 minutes                          │  │
│  │ Link expires if unused: 24 hours                        │  │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
│                                                               │
│  [ Generate Magic Link ]                                      │
│                                                               │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Why ASCII? Three reasons:

  1. Saves tokens – Less input means clearer thinking from Claude
  2. Reduces hallucinations – Simple text can’t confuse the AI
  3. Easy to modify – Want to change the layout? Just move some characters

Claude Code immediately understood the interface design without a single line of HTML.

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Step 2: Build (30 minutes)

Here’s where my preparation paid off. I use this exact prompt:

# Step 1: Run the following command to understand the current state of the project:
eza . --tree -git-ignore --ignore-glob="node_modules|.git|tmp|.claude|dist|notes"

# Step 2: Review the project requirements and rules:
- @notes/rules.md
- @notes/requirements.md
- @notes/wireframes.md

# Step 3: Build the project:
Think hard, explore the codebase, understand the requirements and project rules, and then build the project step by step.

Use web search to find solutions to problems you encounter.

Use sub-agents if you need to delegate tasks.

IMPORTANT: ONLY ONE SUB AGENT SHOULD BE RUNNING AT A TIME.

Notice the key instructions:

  • “Think hard” – This triggers Claude’s deep thinking mode
  • “Explore the codebase” – Forces it to understand what already exists
  • “Build step by step” – Prevents rushing nd ensures thoroughness
  • “Use web search” – Keeps it current with latest WordPress standards

Claude Code then:

  • Researched current WordPress best practices
  • Created the proper plugin structure
  • Implemented database tables for magic links
  • Added security features (nonces, sanitization, escaping)
  • Built the admin interface matching our wireframes
  • Created the activator and deactivator classes

All automatically.

All following the rules I’d established.

The key?

Having those WordPress development rules ready meant Claude Code knew exactly what standards to follow.

No guesswork.
No “I think this is how WordPress does it.”

And with clear, plugin-specific requirements, it knew exactly what to build.

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Step 3: Improve (15 minutes)

Once the initial build was complete, we entered the refinement phase. Here’s my improvement prompt:

# Step 1: Run the following command to understand the current state of the project:
eza . --tree -git-ignore --ignore-glob="node_modules|.git|tmp|.claude|dist|.next|notes"

# Step 2: Review the project rules:
- @notes/rules.md

# Step 3: Review the current codebase and analyze the following improvement items:
Think hard, analyze the existing codebase, and the following improvement items:

- [ ] improvement 1
- [ ] improvement 2
- [ ] improvement 3

# Step 4: Create a plan to address the identified improvement items:
- List out everything that needs to be done to implement the improvements in a todos list.
- For each item in the todos list, create a sub-agent to address it.
- Once the sub-agent has completed its task, it should report back with the results.

For my plugin, I filled in:

  • Fix range slider issue in the admin UI
  • Update button styles to match WordPress admin
  • Clean up database operations
  • Add better error handling

The prompt’s power comes from using sub-agents for each improvement. This ensures focused, surgical changes rather than sweeping refactors.

Small, targeted improvements.
No massive refactoring.
Just polish.

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Why These Prompts Work

Looking at these prompts, you’ll notice a pattern:

  1. Always start with context – The eza command shows Claude Code the project structure
  2. Reference your documentation – Points to your rules and requirements files
  3. Use “Think hard” – Triggers deeper analysis mode
  4. Leverage sub-agents – Breaks complex tasks into focused chunks
  5. Enable web search – Keeps solutions current

This isn’t prompt engineering wizardry. It’s just clear communication that plays to Claude Code’s strengths.

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The Results That Shocked Me

In less than an hour, I had a fully functional WordPress plugin that:

✅ Follows all WordPress coding standards
✅ Has proper security measures
✅ Includes internationalization support
✅ Works with multi-site installations
✅ Has a clean, WordPress-native admin interface

Zero coding required on my part.

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The Secret Sauce: Preparation + Simplicity

Here’s the complete picture:

One-time preparation:

  • Establish your WordPress development rules (once per technology)

For each plugin:

  • Define requirements (5-10 min with a good template)
  • Then follow the 3-step process:
    1. Wireframe with ASCII (5 min)
    2. Build with requirements + rules + wireframes (30 min)
    3. Improve what needs improving (15 min)

The magic is in the combination.

Clear requirements tell Claude what to build. Good rules tell it how to build. ASCII wireframes show it what it should look like.

Together, they eliminate 90% of the back-and-forth.

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Your Turn: The 3-Step Challenge

Here’s my challenge to you:

  1. Pick a plugin idea (admin tool, utility function, anything)
  2. Prepare your foundation:
  3. Open Claude Code and use my prompts:
    • Wireframe: Use my ASCII wireframe prompt (5 min)
    • Build: Use my build prompt (30 min)
    • Improve: Use my improvement prompt with your specific fixes (15 min)

That’s it.

One hour. One tool. One working plugin.

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The Bottom Line

Building WordPress plugins doesn’t need to be complicated. It doesn’t require multiple tools, complex workflows, or deep technical knowledge.

It just requires:

  • Clear requirements (quick to define with a template)
  • Good development rules (created once, used forever)
  • ASCII wireframes (visual clarity without code)
  • The right prompts (copy mine and adapt them)
  • Claude Code
  • The willingness to let AI do the heavy lifting

The prompts I’ve shared aren’t magic formulas – they’re just clear instructions that work. Copy them, adapt them, make them yours.

Stop overcomplicating.
Start shipping.

What plugin will you build in your next hour?


P.S. – My ASCII-wireframe-to-working-plugin journey took 50 minutes. The plugin now lets ChatGPT agents manage all my WordPress sites securely. Here’s the code – fork it, improve it, or just use it. What will you build in your next hour?